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《系统神经科学中的23个问题》
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效仿希尔伯特的23个问题，Hemmen和Sejnowski编著了一本书：《系统神经科学中的23个问题》。从目录看来，组织安排不是很有逻辑性，内容也有点杂乱。不过，对于系统神经科学感兴趣的年轻人，相信还是可以从中初步了解到系统神经科学所涵盖的内容，以及需要解决的问题和关键所在。
摘自《系统神经科学中的23个问题》的目录：
I 大脑是怎么进化的?
1. 我们真的了解苍蝇的大脑吗？
2. 大脑在自然环境中是怎么运作的吗？
3. 大脑功能的半球主导性——什么功能是单侧性的？为什么？
II 大脑是怎么组织的？
4．丘脑的功能是什么？
5．神经地图是什么？它是怎么产生的？有什么好处？
6．什么是大脑的反馈机制？
III 神经元之间怎么相互作用？
7．大脑为什么能这么快？
8. 什么是神经编码？
9. 单个神经元是独自工作？还是巨大神经网络的一环？
10.初级视皮层中的其它85%在干什么？
IV 大脑能计算什么？
11.视觉皮层功能柱在进行什么样的计算？
12.神经元会适应出特殊的计算方式吗？（比如听觉皮层的时间编码）
13.时间在大脑中怎么表现？
14.感觉系统中的神经编码原理都一样吗？
15.听觉系统如何分析声音？
16.视觉系统是如何做到平移不变性和大小不变性的？
V 认知系统是怎样组织的？
17.感觉新大脑皮层反应的是什么？是外部刺激？还是皮层对它们的反应？
18.知觉和动作的神经回路一样吗？三个视觉系统假设。
19.皮层神经元的投射域是什么？
20.注意力怎样选择物体来感知整体？
21.对某种事物的开关在哪里？
22.通感：对于感质、象征、抽象思维和语言的出现，它能给我们什么提示？
23.意识的神经关联是什么？
23 Problems in Systems Neuroscience
Edited by J. Leo van Hemmen and Terrence J. Sejnowski
PART I How Have Brains Evolved?
1. Shall We Even Understand the Fly's Brain? (Gilles Laurent)
2. Can We Understand the Action of Brains in Natural Environments? (Hermann Wagner and Bernhard Gaese)
3. Hemisphere Dominance of Brain Function-Which Functions Are Lateralized and Why? (Giinter Ehret)
PART II How Is the Cerebral Cortex Organized?
4. What Is the Function of the Thalamus? (S. Murray Sherman)
5. What Is a Neuronal Map, How Does It Arise, and What Is It Good For? (J. Leo van Hemmen)
6. What Is Fed Back? (Jean Bullier)
PART III How Do Neurons Interact?
7. How Can the Brain Be So Fast? (WuIfram Gerstner)
8. What Is the Neural Code? (C. van Vreeswijk)
9. Are Single Cortical Neurons Soloists or Are They Obedient Members of a Huge Orchestra? (Tal Icenet, Amos Arieli, Misha Tsodylzs, and Amiram Grinvald)
10. What Is the Other 85 Percent of V1 Doing? (Bruno A. Olshausen and David J. Field)
PART IV What Can Brains Compute?
11. Which Computation Runs in Visual Cortical Columns? (Steven W, Zucker)
12. Are Neurons Adapted for Specific Computations? Examples from Temporal Coding in the Auditory System. (C. E. Carr, S. Iyer, D. Soares, S. IGzlluri, and J. Z. Simon)
13. How Is Time Represented in the Brain? (Andreas V. M. Herz)
14. How General Are Neural Codes in Sensory Systems? (David McAlpine and Alan R. Palmer)
15. How Does the Hearing System Perform Auditory Scene Analysis? (Georg M. Iclump)
16. How Does Our Visual System Achieve Shift and Size Invariance? (Laurenz Wiskott)
PART V Organization of Cognitive Systems
17. What Is Reflected in Sensory Neocortical Activity: External Stimuli or What the Cortex Does with Them? (Henning Scheich, Frank W. Ohl, Holger Schulze, Andreas Hess and Andre Brechmann)
18. Do Perception and Action Result from Different Brain Circuits? The Three Visual Systems Hypothesis. (Giacomo Rizzolatti and Vittorio Gallese)
19. What Are the Projective Fields of Cortical Neurons? (Terrence J. Sejnowski)
20. How Are the Features of Objects Integrated into Perceptual Wholes That Are Selected by Attention? (John R Reynolds)
21. Where Are the Switches on This Thing? (L. F. Abbott)
22. Synesthesia: What Does It Tell Us about the Emergence of Qualia, Metaphor, Abstract Thought, and Language? (V. S. Ramachandran and Edward M. Hubbard)
23. What Are the Neuronal Correlates of Consciousness? (Francis C. Crick and Christof Koch)
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