背景回顾：Plant grafting is conducted for fruit and vegetable propagation, whereby a piece of living tissue is attached to another through cell-cell adhesion. 

提出问题：However, graft compatibility limits combinations to closely related species, and the mechanism is poorly understood.

主要发现：We found that Nicotiana is capable of graft adhesion with a diverse range of angiosperms. 

结果1-β-1,4-葡聚糖酶：Comparative transcriptomic analyses on graft combinations indicated that a subclade of β-1,4-glucanases secreted into the extracellular region facilitates cell wall reconstruction near the graft interface. 

结果2-过表达：Grafting was promoted by overexpression of the β-1,4-glucanase.

结果3-嫁接：Using Nicotiana stem as an interscion, we produced tomato fruits on rootstocks from other plant families. 

结论：These findings demonstrate that the process of cell-cell adhesion is a potential target to enhance plant grafting techniques.

 摘 要 

植物嫁接是通过细胞与细胞间的粘附将一块活的组织附着到另一个组织上，通常用于水果和蔬菜的繁殖。然而，嫁接亲和力将嫁接组合限制在了近缘物种之间，并且背后的机制还不清楚。作者发现烟草能够嫁接粘附的被子植物物种范围非常之广。通过不同嫁接组合的比较转录组分析，作者发现分泌到胞外区域的β-1,4-葡聚糖酶的一个亚类有助于嫁接界面附近的细胞壁重建。通过过表达β-1,4-葡聚糖酶能够促进嫁接成功。利用烟草的茎作为中间接穗，作者能够将带有西红柿果实的枝条成功嫁接到另外一个植物科属植物的砧木上。这些研究结果揭示了细胞与细胞之间的粘附是增强植物嫁接技术的潜在靶标。