This was recently accepted in Kidney International (Impact factor 6.8).

随着免疫抑制药物的发展，肾移植急性排斥反应基本上都可以得到控制，但慢性移植肾病尚无明确有效的治疗药物和方法。慢性移植肾病是导致移植肾晚期功能丧失的最主要原因。

　　慢性移植肾病的发病机制目前比较公认的观点是：本病是由异种抗原依赖的免疫因素（如急性排斥反应、免疫抑制剂不足等）及非异种抗原依赖的因素（如延长的冷缺血时间、供体年龄、受体脂代谢异常、高血压、糖尿病或糖耐量异常、移植后6～12月间肾功能受损、巨细胞病毒感染等）导致的移植肾功能持续恶化和发展。本文作者最近在Fish－er344－Lewis大鼠慢性移植肾病模型发现：成年鼠间肾移植的慢性移植肾病显著比幼年鼠间肾移植的慢性移植肾病严重。

本研究通过动物肾脏移植模型，持续给含氢水150天，比较了肾脏功能、死亡率、炎症因子和MAPK系统，证明含氢水可以治疗慢性移植肾病，这个研究给临床上治疗该疾病带来了新的希望。也是氢分子医学方面的又一力作。

ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF HYDROGEN WATER PREVENTS CHRONIC
ALLOGRAFT NEPHROPATHY IN RAT RENAL TRANSPLANTATION

ABSTRACT: (210 words)
Tissue injury, induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributes to the development of chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN; also known as interstitial fibrosis and tubuar atrophy with unknown etiology [IF/TA]) after renal transplantation. Molecular hydrogen gas can act as a ROS scavenger. We hypothesized that administration of hydrogen water (HW) would ameliorate CAN by scavenging ROS. Using a rat model of kidney transplantation, LEW rat allografts were orthotopically transplanted into BN rat recipients that had undergone bilateral nephrectomy.
Molecular hydrogen was dissolved in water (>0.8 mM) and recipients were given either regular water (RW) or HW from day 0 to day 150, or death. RW-treated animals experienced a gradual decline in creatinine clearance, associated with proteinuria, which ultimately led to graft failure secondary to CAN. In contrast, HW administration improved allograft function, slowed the
progression of CAN, and improved overall survival. HW also reduced oxidant injury and inflammatory mediator production. Additionally, inflammatory signaling pathways (mitogen activated protein kinases) were less activated in renal allografts from HW-treated rats compared to the RW-treated group. These data indicate that orally administered HW is an effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that can prevent CAN and improve survival in a model of rodent renal transplantation. HW may be of therapeutic value in the setting of transplantation.