新时代推广科学文化建设的基础条件研究

李侠

自1959年英国科学家C·P斯诺提出两种文化（科学文化与人文文化）以来，两种文化之间并没有出现预期的相互理解与融合，反而是越走越远。36年后的1995年美国学者约翰·布罗克曼(John Brockman)组织一批专家出版了《第三种文化——洞察世界的新途径》，这可以看做是关于科学文化研究的最新进展。21世纪以来，国内从事科学哲学、科学史、科学社会学等领域的学者也开始关注科学文化问题，已经取得一些零散的成果，目前已经到了理论整合阶段。从国家发展形势角度来说，全球化的竞争首先是文化的竞争，因此改造中国传统文化的任务刻不容缓。自党的十九大以来，核心价值观建设已成当下中国最为紧迫的全民信念重构工作，为了实现新时代的这个伟大目标，必须为核心价值观的建设铺平观念的道路，而这种观念基础就是科学文化，我们这里的科学文化是指包含科学文化与人文文化在内的大科学文化，这是与国外学者不同的界定。由于核心价值观的主要内容都是植根于近代以来的科技文明基础上的，因此，只有在全民的基础上树立起大科学文化观，核心价值观的传递、理解与接受才会有坚实的群体认知基础。毕竟任何成熟的价值观都不是建在文化的荒漠之上的。从这个意义上说，在中国推动科学文化建设具有现实的紧迫性与重要文化安全意义。那么如何在全国范围内推动科学文化建设呢？这里涉及三个问题：其一，科学文化概念内涵与旨趣的界定；其二，厘清支撑科学文化建设的基础条件；第三，在中国推行科学文化建设的实践路径问题，这既是科学文化落地生根问题，也是科学文化支撑创新驱动发展战略的需要。

【博主跋】这是为教育部2020年度重大攻关项目选题征集所写的题目。我一直没有搞明白，申报选题一旦入围是否对于提出者的申报有所帮助？如果没有帮助，谁还会花费大量时间和精力做这项工作呢？困惑中，不管怎样，今年以这个选题尝试一下，看看是否有预期的结果。祝我好运！

说明：文中图片来自网络，没有任何商业目的，仅供欣赏，特此致谢！

2019-2-14于南方临屏涂鸦

注释1：John Brockman (1941-)is a literary agent and author specializing in scientific literature. He founded the Edge Foundation, an organization aimed to bring together people working at the edge of a broad range of scientific and technical fields. Referencing C.P. Snow's "two cultures", he introduced the "third culture" consisting of "those scientists and other thinkers in the empirical world who, through their work and expository writing, are taking the place of the traditional intellectual in rendering visible the deeper meanings of our lives, redefining who and what we are." He led a scientific salon for 20 years, asking a question to a host of renowned scientists every year and publishing their answers in book form, which he decided to symbolically close down in 2018.

• (1995) The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution

• (2002) The Next Fifty Years: Science in the First Half of the Twenty-First Century

• (2003) The New Humanists: Science at the Edge

• (2011) Culture: Leading Scientists Explore Societies, Art, Power, and Technology

布鲁克曼的网站：https://www.edge.org/memberbio/john_brockman

注释2：Charles Percy Snow, Baron Snow, CBE ( 1905 – 1980) was a novelist and English physical chemist who also served in several important positions in the British Civil Service and briefly in the UK government.^[1] He is best known for his series of novels known collectively as Strangers and Brothers, and for The Two Cultures, a 1959 lecture in which he laments the gulf between scientists and "literary intellectuals".

On 7 May 1959, Snow delivered a Rede Lecture called The Two Cultures, which provoked "widespread and heated debate".^[1] Subsequently published as The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution, the lecture argued that the breakdown of communication between the "two cultures" of modern society – the sciences and the humanities – was a major hindrance to solving the world's problems. In particular, Snow argues that the quality of education in the world is on the decline.