Morphology lies: a case-in-point with a new non-biting midge species from Oriental China  (Diptera, Chironomidae)

该摇蚊科新种的发现比较有趣。该标本通过形态检索表具有Einfeldia特征的上附器和宽大的肛尖，可以归入恩思菲摇蚊属Einfeldia属，同时查找以往的的文献，发现师姐于雪的硕士论文中也将其放入了Einfeldia属。但后续通过分子数据的系统发育分析，发现该物种并不像预定的属，而是与另一个属形成了单系Kiefferulus，这种情况与2019年的另一篇摇蚊科新种情况类似（Qi et al. 2019），即中华二叉摇蚊，基于形态学的特征，齐鑫博士本打算建立一个新的属，但是基于分子的系统发育分析，与二叉摇蚊属形成了单系，所以放到了二叉摇蚊属。后期与导师讨论，决定将其作为球附器摇蚊属Kiefferulus 的新种，发表在Zookeys上。以下是文章的摘要。

Morphological traits are generally indicative of specific taxa, and particularly function as keys in taxonomy and species delimitation. In this study, a non-biting midge species with an Einfeldia-like superior volsella makes it hard to accurately determined based on its morphological characteristics. Molecular genes of two ribosomal genes and three protein-encoding genes were compiled to construct a related genera phylogeny and to address the taxonomic issues. Phylogenetic inference clearly supports the undetermined species as belonging to Kiefferulus. Therefore, a new species classified in the genus Kiefferulus is described and figured as an adult male from Oriental China. The species could be easily distinguished from other species in having an Einfeldia-like superior volsella and a triangular tergite IX.